The innovations and development of China's higher education management system mainly include the following aspects: building a modern higher education system - the Chinese government has gradually created a modern higher education system with unique Chinese characteristics by improving the regulatory and legal framework, strengthening the vertical management, developing the globalization of education through the introduction international standards and other measures; promoting the popularization of higher education among the population - through the system of training subsidies and expanding opportunities for access to higher education; improving the quality of education - through the implementation of international standards of integrity and improvement of innovative abilities of students; strengthening international cooperation and academic exchanges: China actively carries out exchanges and cooperation in the field of higher education with other countries, absorbs advanced international experience and ideas, and promotes the integration of Chinese higher education into the world educational and scientific society.
The conducted methodological analysis of the investigated problem in the context of the implementation of innovative technologies in the modern educational space of China made it possible to find out that the level of the contribution of higher education to economic growth in the provinces of the Silk Road Economic Belt over the past 16 years (determined using the Dennison growth factor analysis method) is insignificant ( k=0.013), significantly lower than the national average (k=0.037). The main reasons are insufficient investment in higher education, the lack of high-level universities in this part of the country, and a serious brain drain. The results show that it is possible to increase the level of the contribution of higher education to economic growth in the Silk Road Economic Belt thanks to the growth of investments in higher education, the optimization of the distribution of higher education resources, the improvement of social conditions in the places of residence of students, the improvement of the quality of training and the motivation of education seekers, and the strengthening of the formation system personnel potential of higher education, improve the mechanism of attraction and retention of employees and create a favorable environment for their development.
The basis of industrial transformation and modernization is the breaking of the original growth model, which largely depends on technological innovation, especially on the improvement of independent innovation capabilities. The study of higher education reform in Ukraine helped to enrich the knowledge system, expand the scope of research on higher education in China, and draw the attention of scholars to the reform and development of education in developing countries.
This work analyzes the main characteristics of higher education models in China and Ukraine, compares the scientific, technological and innovative activities of higher education institutions in China and Ukraine, and also puts forward the path of innovative development that combines modern science. In China, education expenditure reached more than 4% of GDP from 2012 to 2023, but the dispersion of GDP per student in China shows a decreasing trend year by year. Higher education must meet the trends of the world economy, change the concept of education, carry out ideological and political education, strive to cultivate innovative talents, promote the integration of industry, university, and research, vigorously improve the quality of teachers, and accelerate the reform of higher education in all aspects.
Currently, the Chinese Government's strategic program "Digitalization of Education" is being promoted in depth as a key to the implementation of the work of the Ministry of Education, and it has achieved significant results in the construction of new infrastructure, learning innovation and management system reform.
However, on the one hand, due to the wide geography of the country, the direction of educational reform faces the difficulties of unbalanced regional development with different characteristics, so it is very important to fully study the experience of digital education reform in the world in order to find a fulcrum of policy and improve the technological path.
On the other hand, with the continuous advancement of global integration, the issue of education can no longer become a problem that can be solved by the region on its own, and the optimization of education issues is also a cultural base to influence the values of the future world of the citizens of the People's Republic of China, promote the coordinated management of global society, and support the world peace and security, stability and development and other important international issues.
