The scientific novelty of the study is in identifying stages of development of
the museum exhibition in terms of cultural, historical, political, civilizational
transformations and socio-cultural changes; analysis of the evolution of the
museum exposition environment from ancient times to the present; finding out the
place of the museum exposition in the system of cultural and museum space;
highlighting the development of principles and methods of building a museum
exhibition; generalization of domestic and foreign experience in the organization
of the exhibition environment in the context of digitalization.
Current scientific approaches to the study of museum expositions are
considered, including philosophical, communication, technological, culturological,
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scientific and artistic ones. The lack of a single definition of the concept of
museum exposition in the academic environment is revealed, which is explained
by the syncretic and polystructural nature of the museum exposition. There are no
studies of museum expositions using a complex and historical-logical approach to
its understanding, which actualizes the theme of the dissertation.
It is established that the museum exposition has come a long way. Starting
from the temple collections of ancient Greece, the magnificent collections of
Roman patricians, it took the form of a gallery, office, antiquarium or studiolo and
the signs of conceptually sound public subject-exhibition space in Renaissance
culture, scientific and educational environment in the Enlightenment and a
nationally meaningful phenomenon in the culture of the Romantic era, which with
the development of digital technologies and resources is actively transformed into
a virtual environment.
The stages of formation and development of the museum exposition and
their specifics are revealed:
- classical (XV - XVIII centuries) is characterized by the formation of the
museum exhibition as a separate phenomenon that has evolved from protoexhibition forms - gallery, office, antiquarium, studiolo, naturalia, pinacoteca,
cloakroom, to the subject-exhibition environment, organized according to the
concept of exhibition and interior spatial decoration - architecture, paintings of the
room in which the exhibition is organized;
- modern (XIX - XX centuries) - the museum exposition acts as a scientific
and educational environment and is characterized by the adoption of new scientific
methods and principles of organization - systematic, thematic historical and
artistic, collection, ensemble, as well as the emergence of artistic methods of its
organization - illustrative and thematic, museum-image, image-plot method,
installation method and white club;
- postmodern (end of the XX - first quarter of the XXI century) - is
determined by the active introduction into the exhibition practice of digital
