Diabetes mellitus leads to various lesions of organs and their systems. The main complications include peripheral neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy. Recently, more and more attention is being paid to research related to brain damage. It is determined by the neurochemical mechanism of brain activity formation.
However, work describing neurochemical changes in the brain and hippocampus in experimental hyperglycemia has been found almost non-existent. Thus, considering the prevalence of the primary disease, its neurochemical and behavioral changes, it seems relevant.
The dissertation is performed in accordance with the plan of the Dnipro State Medical University and is a fragment of research work of the Department of Physiology.
The study was performed on rats of two age groups (middle and old age), experimental hyperglycemia was simulated by administering alloxan monohydrate at a dose of 120 mg / kg. Animals with hyperglycemia were selected for further experimentation. To confirm the development of experimental hyperglycemia used the method of pathomorphological examination of the pancreas.
The analysis of the study of emotional and orientational research activity under conditions of experimental hyperglycemia was performed. The Open Field method was used. During the experiment, motor horizontal and vertical activity, research activity, and emotional activity were recorded.
The CRPA technique was used to study the labile and stable phases of memory in animals. The changes found during the experiment in the short-term memory of rats of different ages at the CRPA showed reliable and significant indicators.
A raised cruciform labyrinth was used to assess the level of anxiety. Analyzed: latency period (time of entry into one of the sleeves from the central area), time on the starting area, time in open and closed arms, number of actions in the closed sleeve, number of gazes in the open sleeve only with front legs, number of peeks down from open sleeves. Significant significant changes were found in both age groups.
Changes in neurotransmitter amino acids in the cortex and hippocampus of experimental animals were detected. In animals, the cerebral cortex and hippocampus were collected and the content of GABA, glycine, serotonin, and glutamate was determined.
The novelty of the study and the results obtained.
The study of behavioral changes of experimental animals in altered conditions in experimental hyperglycemia is in-depth. It was found that the number of amnesia animals in both age groups increases significantly, especially in middle-aged rats. Approximate research activity and locomotor activity also have changes that are more pronounced in middle-aged rats. Anxiety rates were also more pronounced in middle-aged animals.
The nature of changes in neurotransmitter amino acids in experimental hyperglycemia and their influence on animal behavior have been established.
The study morphometrically confirmed that the selected dose of alloxan monohydrate developed diabetes mellitus and the number of surviving animals increased significantly (patent № 137168 UA). Persistent hyperglycemia develops.
Theoretical and practical significance of the obtained results.
The obtained data are the basis for further study of the effect of hyperglycemia on brain function in diabetes and the possible development of pharmacological and prophylactic agents that can reduce the impact on brain and improve the quality of life of patients. The results of the effects of hyperglycemia on brain will expand the understanding of the mechanism of diabetic encephalopathy and ways to slow down these processes.
Implementation of the obtained results in the educational process.
The results of the dissertation are implemented in the departments of physiology, pharmacology of the Dnipro State Medical University, neurology of the Dnipro State Medical University, biochemistry, and physiology of the Dnipro National University. physiology with the basics of bioethics and biosafety of Ternopil National Medical University Ministry of Health of Ukraine, Physiology, Poltava State Medical University
Key words: hyperglycemia, diabetes mellitus, alloxan diabetes mellitus, diabetic encephalopathy, neurotransmitter amino acids, behavioral tests, pancreas.
