Sobchuk A. Teacher training for inclusive early school education in Poland

Українська версія

Thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

State registration number

0822U100897

Applicant for

Specialization

  • 015 - Професійна освіта (за спеціалізаціями)

18-08-2022

Specialized Academic Board

ДФ 35.051.068

Ivan Franko National University of Lviv

Essay

The dissertation is devoted to the study of the problem of teacher training for work in the conditions of inclusive early school education in Poland. It was determined that inclusive education at the international level is considered as a concept, a philosophy of education, a system of educational services based on the principle of ensuring children's right to education and the right to study at the place of residence, which involves studying in the conditions of a general secondary education institution together with normative children. It was revealed that the implementation of inclusive education in the Republic of Poland is based on numerous changes in legislation, transformation of the practical activities of general secondary education institutions, the participation of parents and local communities, and is consistent with the main international documents in the field of ensuring children's rights. It has been proven that the system of special education has been modernized in the Republic of Poland over the past decades. The difference between integrative and inclusive types of special education in the Republic of Poland is determined. It was found out that today preference is given to the inclusive type of education, because it stimulates changes at all levels of education, responding to the needs of students of all categories. The organizational aspects of primary school teacher training at different levels of university education in the Republic of Poland are characterized. Professional training of future teachers is carried out at the educational and qualification levels "bachelor" and "master". In the system of training elementary school teachers to work on the basis of inclusion, the most common are stationary and extramural forms of education. It is substantiated that in the context of the informatization of the educational sector, the accession of the Republic of Poland to the European Union, distance education or its individual elements are actively used in the professional training of primary school teachers. It has been established that distance education is also widely used to improve the qualifications of primary school teachers in the format of open online courses based on virtual universities, online projects under the auspices of government structures. The content, forms, methods and means of training primary school teachers to work in the conditions of inclusion in the Republic of Poland were analyzed. The content of inclusively oriented educational disciplines is characterized. The difference between inclusively oriented educational subjects in various institutions of higher education in the Republic of Poland lies in the distribution of topics between lecture and seminar sessions, as well as the emphasis on certain organizational or formal aspects of inclusive education. It has been found that educational courses related to inclusive education contribute to students' acquisition of knowledge in social and special pedagogy, pedagogical and social psychology, and the formation of practical skills and work skills in conditions of inclusion. It was found that pedagogical practice occupies an important place in the system of training and personality formation of primary school teachers in the Republic of Poland. The qualification standards of professional training of primary school teachers to work in conditions of inclusion in Ukraine and in the Republic of Poland are compared. It has been found that the Republic of Poland has accumulated considerable experience in the researched field, and the legislative and regulatory framework for the development of education sufficiently presents the problem of training future primary school teachers to work in conditions of inclusion. It is specified that the primary school teacher must possess a number of competencies determined by the multifaceted nature of his professional activity, in particular: praxeological, communicative, cooperative, creative, moral, information media, etc. It was found that the catalyst for changes in Ukraine was the adoption in December 2020 of the professional standard for primary school teachers, and in March 2021 of the standard of higher education in the specialty 013 Elementary education of the first (bachelor's) level. The main directions of adaptation of the Polish experience of professional training of future primary school teachers to work in the conditions of inclusion in Ukrainian realities have been determined.

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