At the present stage of development of medical science malignant tumors of various localizations and hemoblastosis are one of the most complex medical and social health problems and belong to the group of socially significant diseases, as they affect the disability and mortality of people of working age in many countries. Among tumors of isolated localizations there is a marked increase in the incidence of cancer of the mucous membrane of the mouth and oro-pharynx. Available data indicate an increase in the survival rate of cancer and onco-hematological patients in the world which confirms a decrease in the recurrence of tumors and increase patients` average life expectancy, such positive changes are associated with the emergence of new approaches and treatments, optimization of chemotherapy and conformal radiation therapy. In modern clinical oncology there is a tendency to increase the aggressiveness of antitumor treatment, in particular concomitant chemoradiation therapy is accompanied by temporary or permanent pathological changes in surrounding and distant healthy tissues; the incidence of concomitant complications of specialized treatment, such as infectious, hemorrhagic, destructive, ulcerative and necrotic changes of mucous membranes (mucositis), including in the oral cavity reaches 98. 00%. Complications may aggravate the patient's condition.
Untimely and irrational correction of complications may lead to discontinuation of special treatment, changing the scheme of effective therapy which can further offset the therapeutic effect and worsen the prognosis of treatment for patients with malignant neoplasms.
The aim of the study was to improve the treatment of dental diseases among patients with oncopathology by developing and clinical-laboratory substantiation of the algorithm of dental rehabilitation before complex antitumor therapy and preventive treatment. Objectives of the study:
1. To conduct a retrospective analysis of the work of a specialized health care institution for the period 2014-2018 in of experience in "head and neck" tumors treatment.
2. To investigate the dental status of patients receiving complex antitumor therapy at specialized health care institution.
3. To establish changes in oral microbiota, indicators of local immunity and the occurrence of secondary changes in oral mucosa during antitumor treatment.
4. To investigate the effectiveness of local anesthesia of the tissues of maxillofacial area and the peculiarities of psychological state among patients with acute stomatogenic pain in the presence of concomitant oncopathology.
5. To develop and test in the clinical a scheme of premedication for anesthesia of dental manipulations among patients with oncopathology.
6. To develop, comprehensively substantiate and evaluate the effectiveness of the algorithm of dental sanitation and preventive treatment of patients with oncopathology before complex antitumor treatment.
The implementation of the objectives of the study involved the use of the following set of modern research methods: general clinical (examination, palpation, probing, percussion), bacteriological, immunological, physiological, radiological, sociological, bibliographic, retrospective analysis, comparative analysis and statistical
