The dissertation is devoted to the solution of the scientific task of analysis and prevention of emotional burnout in psychologists who work in special (extreme) conditions, using the methods of self–knowledge and self–help of positive psychotherapy of N. Pezeshkian.
A psychological analysis of the professional activity of extreme psychologists of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, the National Guard of Ukraine, the National Police of Ukraine and the State Emergency Service of Ukraine was conducted, and the general features and specifics of emotional burnout of these specialists were revealed.
The prevention and correction of emotional burnout is defined as a purposeful process of using a set of psychological, pedagogical, organizational, medical, recreational and other methods and means to prevent the syndrome of emotional burnout or minimize its consequences and negative impact on human health, life and activities. The effectiveness of psychotraining methods for preventing emotional burnout and reducing its negative impact on a person is substantiated. The main provisions of N. Pezeshkian’s positive psychotherapy are highlighted, which is based on the resourceful vision of a person who appears in the integrity of the mental and physical, has two innate abilities – to love and to know. The perspective of the development and implementation of psychological training using the possibilities of self–knowledge and self–help methods of N. Pezeshkian is substantiated.
The author’s training program "Prevention of emotional burnout of extreme psychologists using methods of self–knowledge and self–help by N. Pezeshkian" is proposed, the purpose of which is to study the issues of origin, development factors, ways and means of preventing and minimizing the syndrome of emotional burnout in extreme psychologists using methods of self–study and self–help of positive psychotherapy of N. Pezeshkian, as well as the formation of stress resistance and tolerance to the deforming effects of work and modern life.
The scientific novelty of the obtained results is that first:
• determined psychological features of emotional burnout of extreme psychologists, consisting in the manifestation of fatigue, anxiety, depressive states, pessimistic moods, depletion of emotional, energy and physical resources, deformations in relationships with other people, decrease in professional motivation and indifference to many spheres of life; the dependence of the level of emotional burnout on the frequency of psychologists’ implementation of measures of psychological work with combatants and other categories of people who were in extreme situations was established; the features of the styles of professional activity of extreme psychologists prone to emotional burnout are revealed, which are perfectionism, an excessive desire for perfection, infallibility and self–improvement, compliance with bureaucratic norms and rules, self–doubt and caution in new undertakings, low adaptability, inactivity, lack of initiative, insufficient practicality and creativity, decrease in labor productivity;
• the application of N. Pezeshkian’s methods of self–knowledge and self–help for the prevention and correction of emotional burnout of extreme psychologists through psychological training, which is methodologically based on the resource vision of a person who appears in the integrity of the mental and physical, has two innate abilities – to love and to know; experimentally proved the effectiveness of the specified training in reducing the level of SEV in extreme psychologists by developing the skills of independent overcoming difficulties, restoring and preserving psychophysical resources and strengthening mental health, the ability to recognize and comprehend reality, the ability to learn and learn, to harmonize the four spheres of conflict resolution
improved:
• theoretical–methodical ways and means of prevention of emotional burnout of specialists in helping and risky professions.
received further development:
• ideas about the psychological features of the professional activity of psychologists in the defense and security sector;
• psychological problems of personality and human activity in special extreme conditions, in particular in conditions of martial law;
• theoretical foundations of applying psychological training technologies for the prevention and correction of professional and personal destruction of specialists of extreme types of activities.
The practical significance of the obtained results lies in the fact that the idea of ways and means of prevention and correction of emotional burnout of specialists has been expanded, in particular, the possibility of using positive psychotherapy methods for this.
