The dissertation is devoted to solving an important scientific and practical problem of health care - providing the adult population with diseases of the ear, throat and nose with high-quality medical care, by substantiating, developing and implementing an optimized functional and organizational model of providing the adult population with diseases of ENT organs with affordable medical care in the context of reforming the health care system.
The scientific base of the study is the health care system of Sumy region. In the process of scientific social and hygienic monitoring, a set of problems was identified in the organization of medical care for patients with ear, throat and nose diseases in modern conditions of reforming the branch during the war.
A statistical analysis of changes in the above indicators in general both in the Sumy region and in the context of administrative territories revealed factors that influenced the availability of the population to specialized otolaryngological care. Specialized medical care in the region is provided in outpatient and inpatient conditions. Based on the analysis of the data obtained, it was established that during the period of the study, the provision of the population of Sumy region with the posts of otolaryngologists for 10 thousand people for the provision of outpatient care decreased by 17.0%, from 0.53 in 2019 to 0.44 in 2022.
According to the results of our sociological research among the population, it was found that the family doctors of the population are more often treated for acute ear, throat and nose diseases (54.4 ± 2.5%) than for the chronic course of the corresponding diseases (45.6 ± 2.5%). This sociological study revealed that the percentage of those satisfied with the medical care received from family doctors is 73.4 ± 2.2% of the respondents. Positive in assessing the activities of family doctors is that 73.4 ± 2.2% of respondents are ready in the future, if necessary, to get medical care to contact a family doctor. Applying the method of self-assessment, an insufficient level of training of LZP-SL and the resource base of family outpatient clinics for providing medical care to patients with ear, throat and nose diseases has also been established.
Independent experts (25 people) established the theoretical and practical skills necessary for LSP-SL for the qualitative provision of medical care to the population with ear, throat and nose diseases, especially with regard to clinical symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of the main diseases of ENT organs and their prevention, as well as the principles of emergency care for urgent ENT pathology. The desired ways to acquire practical knowledge of LZP-SL in otolaryngology are short-term trainings on certain topics (96.0 ± 1.0%), internship at the workplace in the office of the otolaryngologist in the clinic (76.0 ± 2.1%), thematic improvement courses in otolaryngology in the otolaryngology department of the hospital (68.0 ± 2.3%) and practical special skills, the possession of which allows doctors to conduct a full diagnostic examination and provide personalized treatment and emergency medical care.
In the process of carrying out scientific work in order to ensure the practical implementation of protocols for the provision of medical care to the population with ENT pathology of LSP-SL, additions to the Table of equipment of family outpatient clinics were developed and the methodology of the medical route of these patients was presented, which should be created in each family outpatient clinic.
As a result of the conducted scientific and research work, an optimized functional and organizational model of medical care for the population with ear , throat and nose diseases at the current stage of reforming the health care system at the regional level was justified and developed. It includes existing partially rebuilt and new elements of the system of providing otolaryngological care.
Keywords: epidemiology of ear, throat and nose diseases, specialized otolaryngological care, system, indicators, primary health care, skills of family doctors, population satisfaction, health care reform, optimized functional and organizational model of medical care for the population with ear, throat and nose diseases.
