Recurrent tonsillitis is considered one of the most common ENT diseases, affecting a significant portion of the population. Tonsillectomy, a common treatment method, is performed in approximately 20% of all ENT surgeries. The success of tonsillectomy is evaluated based on various factors, including the frequency of perioperative complications, long-term treatment outcomes, and the patient's recovery time. Factors influencing the outcome include the choice of anesthesia and perioperative hemostatic support. Currently, both general and local anesthesia are widely used for tonsillectomy, each with its own advantages and disadvantages.
Moreover, there is limited research on the use of tranexamic acid to reduce post-tonsillectomy bleeding. Existing studies are outdated, warranting a new, well-planned randomized controlled trial to assess the risks and benefits of tranexamic acid. The primary objective of our study was to optimize tonsillectomy by analyzing anesthesia methods and evaluating the efficacy of fibrinolysis inhibitors, specifically a 10% tranexamic acid solution, in reducing complications
The study introduced novel elements by comprehensively evaluating tonsillectomy procedures, anesthesia approaches, and the use of tranexamic acid. Various clinical parameters were assessed, including surgical duration, blood loss, intraoperative bleeding events, postoperative bleeding frequency, pain levels, analgesic requirements, diet resumption time, hospitalization duration, and postoperative well-being. Our clinical study involved 212 patients with recurrent tonsillitis who underwent bilateral tonsillectomy, divided into three groups. Conclusions: tonsillectomy surgery using local anesthesia requires less time to perform, has less blood loss, fewer intraoperative events and less incidents of primary and secondary bleeding. The average level of pain is higher among patients using endotracheal anesthesia. The average score of mental health in the postoperative period was significantly better among patients who underwent tonsillectomy with the use of general anesthesia. The use of tranexamic acid 10% significantly reduces the amount of blood loss, helps to reduce intraoperative complications, and lowers the emergence of postoperative bleeding and its intensity.
