The relevance of the research problem is revealed in the introduction; the relationship of work with scientific programs, plans, disciplines is shown; goals, tasks, object, subject, research materials are defined; the historiographic basis of the research is defined; the territorial and chronological boundaries of the study are given; scientific novelty is emphasized, the theoretical and practical significance of the research results is shown; the personal contribution of the recipient is shown and the structure and scope of the thesis are given.
In the first chapter, the source base is provided, the conceptual apparatus is explored, and the research methods are substantiated.
When researching the concepts of «graffiti», «calligraffiti» and «drawn inscription», it was proved expedient to generalize the presented terms into one author's concept «handmade graphic inscription». A hand-made graphic inscription is a short text placed on any surface, which is made by human labor (hands) using graphic materials and tools.
The specifics of the topic of the scientific work led to the formation of the research methodology, which is characterized by a combination of general scientific (theoretical and empirical) and special artistic methods of scientific knowledge.
The second chapter examines the hand-made graphic inscription in the context of the visual environment of the city. Scientific works on the media space characterized a new level of the «theatrical» effect of modern city life. This approach uses new visualization tools that simultaneously destroy the physical materiality of architecture. As a result, a large number of inscriptions appear, created by hand in a graphic way.
General theoretical works devoted to the problems of visual environments revealed a dependence on the excessive fascination of twentieth-century architects with functionalism, which had a negative effect on the state of mental health of city dwellers. It was determined that the comfort of visual perception depends on the introduction of a certain color diversity in such environments. The use of murals in the form of hand-made graphic inscriptions has not only an original artistic solution, but also carries an informational message.
Theoretical works devoted to man-made graphic inscriptions as a means of social communication analyze the intervention in the urban space of trends towards globalization, industrialization, digitization, as well as multicultural trends, as prerequisites for the popularity of man-made graphic inscriptions. Scientific works on the study of the font as a symbolic system of human communication revealed that most researchers agree with the opinion that in order to create an inscription that will be remembered for a long time, it is necessary to make it highly intellectual and artistic.
The third chapter analyzes in detail the morphological aspect of graffiti inscriptions, European calligraffiti and handwritten script. The study of the trends of letter forms in the context of postmodernism made it possible to reveal the struggle of scientific concepts between order and chaos, where the latter appeared as an open set of approaches, positions and styles that declared themselves from the position of protest, development or irony over certain aspects of modernism. In postmodernism, the primary task for the viewer is the context of the inscription, not the inscription itself. It is implied that the viewer should feel the atmosphere that is modeled through the inscription. A feature of postmodern inscriptions is: fragmentation, deliberate chaos, and uncertainty of composition.
The initial elements of font art form the basis of artistic elements that contain a morphological aspect. The following elements of font art are defined: dot, line, shape. Features of the structure of letters explore letter constructions that can be supplemented or changed without destroying their functional unity. Analyzing the proportions and basic dimensions of the font allows us to understand the internal logic of the letter form and to some extent reveal the creative process inherent in it. The nature of the outline of the letters, the contrast of the strokes, the font and the background, the proportions of the sides, the density and size of the font - all this affects readability.
The combination of compositional means and techniques of artistic expressiveness in a hand-made graphic inscription has a specific character of creating a letter form. The interdependence of the artistic image and font is revealed not so much through theoretical research, but through the prism of practical activity. Hand-made inscriptions have a positive effect on the psycho-emotional well-being of the viewer, and also help to visually diversify the visual environment of the city.
Keywords: hand-made graphic inscription, graffiti, calligraffiti, hand-drawn font, visual environment of the city, graphics, font, letter, sign system, social communication.
