The dissertation is devoted to the study of thyroid pathology with regard to concomitant proliferative-hyperplastic processes. The subject of the study is the clinical, morphological, hormonal thyroid, immunohistochemical characteristics of malignant neoplasms taking into account proliferative and hyperplastic processes (AIT, etc.) of the thyroid gland, sonographic criteria, genealogical inheritance factors, and the effectiveness of surgical treatment of patients. The aim of the study is to study the clinical, pathomorphological, immunohistochemical characteristics and genetic features of the development and course of malignant neoplasms, taking into account the concomitant proliferative-hyperplastic processes of the thyroid gland, to optimize the differential diagnosis, surgical tactics and strategy for the postoperative treatment of this pathology. Methods of the study: clinical to study the pathomorphological, immunohistochemical characteristics and genetic features of the development and course of malignant neoplasms, taking into account the concomitant proliferative and hyperplastic processes of the thyroid gland, to optimize the differential diagnosis, surgical tactics and strategy for the postoperative treatment of this pathology. Methods of the study: clinical, sonographic, histological, immunohistochemical, genealogical, immunoenzyme, statistical. New scientific findings were obtained, namely: study of the role of "background" benign pathology, taking into account proliferative - hyperplastic processes in the development of the cancer thyroid gland.Determining the relationship between cancer and associated pathologies, expansion of the understanding of cause and effect relationships in carcinogenesis, clinical and morphological properties of the pathology and specific groups of patients with a high risk of malignization provides an opportunity to individualize approaches to surgical treatment, reduce disability of the population of Ukraine.With the help of IHC, EMT studies have identified prognostically favorable circumstances for the course of the tumor process, which prevent rapid local tumor progression and metastasis.The retrospective study showed that the performance of organ-preserving surgery for PTC under certain conditions did not negatively affect the possibility of disease recurrence.A new tactic of patient management with the combined use of TIRADS/TBSRTC and RHE was developed and tested. The highly effective and safe technology of the LigaSure method of high-frequency welding of living tissues was tested during thyroid surgery. On the basis of clinical experience, retrospective analysis of the results of surgical treatment with a comparison of preoperative and intraoperative research methods, study of existing diagnostic schemes, a draft diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm for patients with thyroid cancer with background thyroid pathology was proposed.The results of the dissertation research and new theoretical and practical recommendations have been implemented in the educational process of a number of medical institutions and medical institutions of Ukraine, namely: the clinic of the State Institution "V.Y. Danilevsky Institute of Endocrine Pathology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine", Kharkiv; Ochakiv Central District Hospital, as well as in the educational process of the Department of Endocrinology and Pediatric Endocrinology of the Kharkiv National Medical University of Health of Ukraine.
