The dissertation presents a theoretical generalization and a new solution to scientific and practical problems, including dentistry, which is to improve the diagnosis and treatment of patients with temporomandibular disorders on the background of mandibular fractures, by developing diagnostic and therapeutic measures to restore and normalize functions and normalization TMJ in traumatic injuries of the lower jaw.
The complex treatment of TMJ disorders with the help of functional, pharmacological and physiotherapeutic methods proposed by us, allowed, to a large extent, to eliminate clinical, radiological and ultrasound symptoms in this cohort of patients. It was found that 12 months after treatment, the normalization of clinical symptoms was objectified in 77,41% of patients in the main group, p<0,01, and in 45,12% of treated control group, p>0,05, against, on average, 19,08% of subjects before treatment, which was confirmed by lower values of ID TMJ in the main group, both in relation to treatment data, p<0,01, and in relation to the values in the control group, p1<0,05. At the same time, the normalization of radiological symptoms exceeded the average data before treatment: in the main group 2,4 times, p<0,05, and 1,3 times in the control group, p, p1<0.05.
Positive clinical dynamics was confirmed by an increase in the index of deviation of masticatory muscle contraction in the main group: right - 1.6 times and left – 1,3 times, p<0.05, in the absence of positive dynamics of index scores in treated control group, p>0.05, relative to the original data.
Ultrasound diagnosis allowed to determine the position of the disc, the presence of joint fluid, the degree of contracture of the masticatory muscles, the degree of change which was greatest in mono- and multifunctional disorders in patients with fractures of the cervical and coronal areas of the mandible, p, p1<0,05.
The application of our proposed treatment method contributed to the normalization of ultrasound parameters, which were determined in 83,70% of people in the main group, p<0,05, and in 65,88% of treated control group, p>0,05, against 49,85% of patients with normative indicators of ultrasound before treatment.
The use of the proposed treatment and rehabilitation scheme is confirmed by high clinical, radiological, functional results, which was characterized by recovery of 32,61±6,91% of the main group against 9,31±3,55% of patients in the control group, p<0,01; with compensated form of TMJ – 56,52±7,30% in the main against 34,88±7,27% in the control group, p>0,05; with decompensated form – 10,87±2,71% in the main against 55,81±7,57% in the control group, p<0,01.
