Sinhutskyi O. Formation and implementation of state tourism development policy in Ukraine

In the dissertation, the level of scientific development of the research problem is defined. It was established that quite a lot of scientists considered the issue of formation and implementation of the state tourism development policy in their works, focusing on public administration and regulation. It was determined that the issues of the tourism industry state management in a crisis period during hostilities are insufficiently covered. The leading goal of the tourism industry state management can be considered formation of favorable conditions for the tourism sphere functioning and development as well as for related spheres and industries belonging to material production and the service sphere of the national economy. The theoretical and methodological foundations of the state management system formation in the tourism sphere are summarized. The concept of "the tourism industry state management" is defined as the process of integration, implementation, forecasting of all the economic and political system elements in general and the tourism sphere in particular. The tourism industry develops only under conditions of the entire economy development, as it depends on political and economic conditions. The mechanism of government management of the tourism industry was investigated as an indispensable condition of its development by improving individual elements of the system and operational control over its functioning. The analysis of regulatory and legal support of the tourism development state management was carried out for the further improvement of the legal framework, especially in a crisis situation. A number of problems that need to be solved have been identified. First of all, this is inconsistency of the current legal framework with the needs and trends of the tourism industry development. In addition, there is an obstacle to the effective development and integration of the tourism industry. It is a lack of a balanced risk management policy for a long time, which led to the need to create a crisis management model taking into account modern realities and the experience of countries with a highly developed tourism industry that have experienced military aggression. The ways for improving the mechanism of the tourism sector state management are substantiated. The stages of the tourism industry formation in Ukraine are analyzed. It was established that the separation of the tourism industry into an independent economic activity began in 1993. Privatization reform and the small business system introduction contributed to the tourism development in the specified period. Among the main problems are: dependence of the tourism sector on political and economic stability, dependence of state authorities on financial and industrial groups, which keep control over enterprises with a rapid turnover of capital, as a result of which laws are introduced regarding privileged functioning and receiving excess profits. Economic indicators of tourism development were analyzed in dynamics and it was established, that the tourism industry requires significant expenses and invested capital return within 6-10 years. It is impossible without the support of state policy in countries with an unstable political and economic situation, as evidenced by the analysis of the industry indicators. The tourism industry in Ukraine is significantly inferior to the world market of tourist services. Therefore the state must be a locomotive, creating conditions for investment attraction, competition, introduction of information technologies, anti-crisis management and strategic management. Tourism develops rapidly in countries with a stable political and economic situation. The inconsistency of the recreational and touristic potential with the indicators of economic activity was determined, namely the insignificant contribution to the GDP structure. The second phase of Russia's military aggression and the annexation of the territory of the recreational and tourist potential of the Azov coast, along with constant attacks on Odessa and all Ukraine in general, led to the most significant crisis in the history of the tourism industry. This requires finding the ways to overcome the negative consequences in modern conditions in order to preserve the tourism potential of Ukraine. The formation and implementation of planning strategies in the tourism industry during the periods of functioning of various forms of state authorities are analyzed. Taking into account the foreign experience of countries in the information technology implementation, a model of strategic planning during the period of hostilities and post-war tourism development has been developed.