The dissertation is an independent scientific work. Based on the results of the research, the author conducted an clinical examination which revealed that 85% of the examined patients with GERD exhibited dental manifestations, regardless of gender, age, or form of GERD.
The pathological changes in the oral cavity included unpleasant breath, a sour or bitter taste, burning sensation, dryness, rashes on the lips and in the mouth, cheilitis, gingivitis, hypersalivation, hypertrophy of the papillae of the tongue, changes in the color of the mucous membrane, desquamative glossitis, significant coatings on the tongue, drying of the lips, angular cheilitis, and hyposalivation.
The studying of the Green-Vermilion hygiene index, 30 patients were examined (14 men and 16 women) among men aged 25-35 with increased acidity, a satisfactory level of oral hygiene was noted, while the group of women patients of the same category showed unsatisfactory hygiene. Poor oral hygiene was observed in men aged 45-55, as well as in women of the same age group. The hygienic condition was satisfactory only in the second group of women. In the control group, the hygiene status in both groups was good. With reduced acidity of gastric juice, the hygiene index of the oral cavity in men aged 25-35 years was satisfactory, while in women of the same age, unsatisfactory hygiene was noted.
Saliva acts as a regulator of the overall number of microorganisms in the oral cavity, and changes in its physicochemical properties during GERD may contribute to dysbiosis.
During the examination of the tongue hygiene index according to WTC (1998), poor hygiene was observed in cases of reduced acidity due to a large amount of deposits on the tongue (2 points - thick coating).
The scientific data on diseases of the oral cavity organs in patients with GERD have been supplemented and clarified, taking into account the Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S), tongue coating index (WTC), and acid-base balance.
The evaluation of the frequency of lesions of the oral cavity organs in GERD showed that 85% of patients had a violation of dental status.
The peculiarities of mineral and antioxidant protection in biological fluids (blood, saliva) in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease have been traced.
A scientifically based therapeutic and preventive complex for the treatment and prevention of detected disorders in the oral cavity has been developed and implemented in practical medicine.
The effectiveness of the application of the therapeutic and prophylactic measures scheme in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease has been proven and substantiated.
Clinical, epidemiological, functional, and laboratory research methods which have practical and theoretical significance in gastroenterology and dentistry.
The obtained results from studying the prevalence and intensity of oral cavity organ diseases in patients with GERD can be used in planning dental care in hospitals and clinics. The studied indicators of hygiene indices, biochemical parameters of saliva and blood serum, oral cavity microbiota, and saliva microcrystallization in patients with GERD can serve as indicators for the preclinical diagnosis of this disease.
Based on the results of clinical and laboratory research, a therapeutic and preventive complex of local and general action has been developed, the effectiveness of which has been confirmed during the clinical investigations, allowing them to be recommended for practical use.
Key words: gastroesophageal reflux disease, mucous membrane of the oral cavity, hygienic index, smears from the oral cavity, pH of oral fluid, tongue hygiene, mineral exchange, motilin, microcrystallization of saliva, periodontal tissue, complex treatment.
