Rassokha I. Historical stage fluctuations in the development of a society

A concept of historical stage fluctuations as natural discrepancies between the economic development level and the general social-cultural development rates of particular communities has been considered. The forming of modern rational and individual mentality has been studied under the conditions of positive stage fluctuations characteristic of the "early capitalism" stage. In particular, some highly developed polices of the Ancient Greece have been used as examples to display the special role of antique sophistication in the above-mentioned process. A hypothesis has been grounded that it was in the most ancient society of an "early capitalism", the Phoenician towns, where philosophy first appeared as an institution, about on the verge of IX-VIII centuries BC. The phenomenon of totalitarism as the most important example of negative stage fluctuation, has been considered. The notion of "side" stage fluctuations has been grounded, and it was shown that a similar situation took place in Ukraine in the ep och of the "Cossack state" and in the "Post-Stalin" soviet society.