Ivchenko T. Biotechnological and Physiological Methods in Breeding Growing of Onion (Allium cepa L.).

Objekt; heterotic breeding of onion. Aim of iniverstigations: improvement of biotechnological and physiological methods for speeded up creation of inbred lines in heterotical metods for speeded up creation of inbred onion lines in heterotic breeding. Methods: biotechnological, phusiological, mathematic-statistic. Novelty: for the first time in Ukraine on the culture of onion there is studied the efficiency of haploid plants getting by androgenesis and gynogenesis methods, on the basis of received material "The Methods of inbred lines induction by gynogenesis methods in vitro" is worked out and the speeded up scheme of breeding process for creation of heterotic hybrids is offered. There is improved the laboratory technology for breeding - valuable onion forms reproduction bu cullusogenesis and microcloning methods, which has elements of significant novelty and the way of sterility induction of onion plants with the help of chemical castration is offered. Results: the most effective nutrient medium, genotypes and explants, ensuring getting maximum quantity of onion diploid plants are reveald. All stages of the tchnology for laboratory reproduction of breeding - valuable onion forms are improved, 10 new gametocydes are revealed, the new methods for getting onion inbred lines is worked out. Degree of introduction: dihaploide onion lines of 4 samples are created, 3 clones of onion with CMS, inculcated at IVM UAAS are reproduced. The new variety of onion Lira is created. Sphere of use: theoretical bases of breeding (breeding, biotechnology, vegetable growing).