Palatniy I. Comparative effectiveness of training loads for middle and longe distances runners in low mountain (1000-1300 m level under sea) and sea level preparation

The process of improving the efficiency of preparation of middle and long distance runners. Improvement of the system of altitude training aimed at enhancement of the level of special endurance and its major components in skilled middle and long distance runners on the basis of analysis of the comparative efficiency of training at sea level and on the altitude. Analysis of scientific and methodical literature and advanced practical experience; pedagogical observations with visual evaluation of runners' condition and techniques of movements; pedagogical experiment of certifying and training character with utilization of pedagogical control tests, chronometry; physiological experiment: pulsometry, red blood constitution determination, recording of respiration frequency and time of breath holding, gas analytical methods; podometry; methods of mathematical statistics. Scientific novelty of findings consists in the fact, that in the work the peculiarities of middle and long distance runners adaptation to the conditions of low altitude as well as to long and intensive physical loads have been revealed for the first time. It has been demonstrated, that altitude training as compared to that at the sea level provides higher increase of the level of special endurance and its components as well as its relatively long maintenance after descending. On the basis of the findings analysis practical recommendations have been developed concerning the design of corresponding training process aimed at enhancement of special endurance and its major components in distance runners which have allowed to activate the process of development of physical abilities and functional capacities of runners. The findings have been successfully introduced into practical activity of the Complex Scientific Group of the national team of Ukraine in track and field; besides, they are used in the process of lecturing at the National University of Physical Education and Sport of Ukraine. Obtained theoretical and experimental data, conclusions and practical recommendations may be used during educational and training process at the Children and Youth Sports Schools, higher specialized schools of physical culture, in the process of lecturing and practical sessions at the higher educational institutions and technical secondary schools, in the process of preparation of national teams in track and field.