Blyzniuk Y. Formation of swimming technique elements of young athletes 8-10 years old based on the characteristics of the nervous system

The object of the research is the educational and training process of novice swimmers, aimed at mastering the elements of swimming technique. The purpose of the study is to develop and experimentally test the method of initial swimming training based on the individual characteristics of the nervous system of children aged 8-10 years. To implement the set tasks at all stages of the dissertation research, a set of research methods was used, mutually complementing each other: 1. Methods of theoretical analysis and generalization of scientific methodological literature. 2. Pedagogical supervision. 3. Pedagogical testing (determination of the time to overcome the 17-meter control test in swimming with fixation of the assessment in technique, the number of technical errors and the number of rowing movements). 4. Psychophysiological studies: determination of the strength of the nervous system by excitation by three methods: motor - V. D. Nebilitsin (1990), tapping test - E. P. Ilyin (2012), test for noise immunity – B. N. Teplov (1985), registration of heart rate (HR), electroencephalography, study of galvanic skin response and electrocutaneous resistance, study of attention. 5. Pedagogical experiment, in which young athletes mastered the swimming technique using various methods of teaching movements. 6. Methods of mathematical statistics (method of averages, determining the significance of changes by Student's criterion, correlation analysis). As a result of the conducted research, for the first time: - the most accessible and informative methods for determining the strength of weakness of the nervous system in relation to excitation in the practice of conducting swimming lessons in children of 8-10 years old have been established; -revealed the typologically determined features of the formation of elements of swimming technique in the conditions of using different teaching methods; - it was found that children of 8-10 years old with different strength of the nervous system in relation to excitement react differently to the application of various teaching methods to them when mastering the elements of swimming technique; - it was found that the effectiveness of the use of teaching methods in mastering the elements of swimming technique, activating the cognitive activity of children, is due to their characteristics of the nervous system; - methods of teaching motor actions have been determined, which have the greatest effect in mastering the swimming technique by children of 8-10 years old with different strength of the nervous system in relation to excitation.