Krivulya O. Krivulya O.O. Women and industrialization in Ukraine (1929-1938 yy.)

On the basis of a large number of sources the process of involving women in social and productive work at heavy industry enterprises in Ukrain during industrialization is investigated in the thesis. The changes in quantative and qualitative personnel of women workers, the source and the form of involving women in production are investigated as well. The financial and living state of women in the 30th years is analysed, its unsatisfactory condition was the consequence of accelerated formation of industrial socialist state. Women's cultural and educational level, connected, first of all, with liquidation of illiteracy is defined; the process of being career educated, which gave them the ability to work in more favourable sanitary and hygienic conditions and to get higher wages is analysed. The particularities of women workers' labour at enterprises, the imperfection of social politics concerning protection of their work, inequality in the payment of men's and women's labour for doing the same work, discrimination of women workers at enterprises are elucidated. The participation of women workers in socialist competition, stahanov movement, is analysed with the help of archives documents. The role of women workers in social and political life, their participation in meetings of delegates, trade-union, komsomol and party organizations. On the basis of the analysis of events of the investigated period it is deduced that in the 30th years the women's question wasn't solved but on the contrary women found themselves in difficult situation because of triple load: work at an enterprise, at home and bringing up the children. The equality of sexes was determined by laws of the soviet state but in reality there was discrimination which was accomplished by totalitary state. Key words: women workers, women's question, gender, discrimination equality of rights, industrialization, totalitary state.