Research object: socially-labor relations of the transitional economic systems. Research purpose – exposure of essence and features of forming and functioning of national labor market (NLM), conformities to the law of the institutional transformations NLM in the transforming economy; the evaluation of it’s social efficiency in the conditions of globalization. Research methods are scientific methods of cognition, among which more all a historical method and systems analysis of scientific achievements of domestic and foreign authors is used; system-logical and structurally-analytical methods of research of terms and factors determining conformities to the law of the NLM forming, his structure and subjects; method of grouping – for the exposure of the NLM types in a transitional economy; graphics-analytical method – for establishment of intercommunication between the GDP dynamics, foreign investments and the amount of employment. Results, novelty: 1) on the basis of application of neoclassical and institutional approach the concept of national labor-market in a transitional economy as difficult socio-economic institute, providing reproduction of labor potential in the concretely-historical terms of national socio-economic relations in the field of labor and employment (national traditions of labor, labor culture, labor mentality, management features and etc), establishment of market mechanism and update of the system of government control, is certain and richly in content exposed; 2) the types of national labor-markets transitive systems by the complex of criteria are grounded: organizational, level of professional preparation of workers, principles of cadres policy (micro-level), features of government control and other. The following types of labor-markets transitive systems are selected and systematized: industrial (the CEE model, model of the European countries of AIS) and agrarian-industrial (model of the Asiatic countries of AIS, Chinese model); 3) basic factors determining the features of structure andsubjects NLM in the transformation economy of former soviet countries are systematized, at levels: micro are the crisis phenomena in the field of labor and in the system of management, decline of labor productivity, worsening of high-quality descriptions of workers of most enterprises; macroeconomic is system crisis, decline of efficiency of public production, structural changes, increase of illegal economy, price abatement of labor force, social protected and standard of living of majority of population; international is external economic dependence of countries with a transitional economy, low competitiveness of national commodity products, weak state protected of internal commodity market and national labor-market, destruction of single economic space of the system of socialism and origin of a new system of integration reference points and grouping; 4) the features of national labor-market in China are exposed: prevailing of employment of population in agriculture (50 % all employed); combination of administrative employment with the market methods of distribution of labor; sharp growth of transformation unemployment because of transformation of state enterprises and establishments to private; softening of transition the nation on a market-capitalist way, market model of employment due to the use of institute of succession (the philosophy of Konfucij, saving of guidance of communist Party and its ideology); 5) the basic results of influence of economic globalization, its constituents to the national markets of labor of different countries are certain (international aspect): strengthening of their flexibility due to growing migration of labor force and increase of its mobility; the different directed change of structure of employment of population on qualification: scales and stake of skilled labor grew in one countries, and in other, particularly in the former soviet states, - diminished considerably; gradual rapprochement of national legislative norms and rules, regulating the terms of hiring and discharge of workers, social security and social defense of population; 6) the mechanism of influencing of globalization processes to the market of labor of separate country (national aspect) as aggregate of intercommunications between the economic globalization and NLM is exposed, their directions and constituents with each other. The results of influence of such making the globalizations are exposed, as foreign trade liberalization and direct foreign investments, on employment of population. In particular, it is set that proportional dependence between the lump sum of direct foreign investments and new working seating capacity at the national market of labor is straight; 7) it is grounded, that economic and social functions on adjusting of national economy, in particular NLM, passed by the states voluntarily and on the basis of principle of equality of rights to international and regional associations (to the unions), are continuation and development of functions of the national state in the conditions of globalization and regionalization; 8) on the basis of analysis of ambivalent institutional environment of labor-market, combining institutes of the administratively-command and market systems (on the example of economy of Ukraine), directions of institutional transformation of national labor-market transitive systems of industrial type are exposed: forming of market labor mentality; realization of active policy at the market of labor; adaptation of corporate culture to the national features; creation of the effectively functioning system of social partnership; adduction of labor legislation in accordance to the real needs of national economy. Sphere of the use: scientific ground of state policy of employment; perfection of legislative base of employment and socially-labor relations; lectures and special courses on the questions of adjusting of labor-market in a transitional economy.
