Strizhelchik N. Genetic peculiarities of mutagenesis induced by novel polymer compounds

Subject: the induced mutagenesis and its modifications. Purpose of studies: the investigation of possible inhibition of mutagenic effect caused by carcinogenic azo- and anthraquinone dyes by their immobilization on polymer matrices, the evaluation of scheme which included the usage of four test objects, and the search of modifiers for mutagenic effects of immobilized dyes. Methods: Ames Salmonella/mammal microsome test; the registration of chromosomal abberations in human lymphocyte culture; the registration of recessive sex-associated lethal mutations in Drosophila; the registration of dominant lethal mutations in Drosophila; the registration of chromosomal abberations in mouse bone marrow cells; the registration of dominant lethal mutations in mouse embryo cells. Results, novelty: for the first time the valuability investigations of step-by-step testing scheme which included four test objects (microorganisms, cell culture, insects, mammals) have been carried out for mutagenic evaluation of food additives; for new immobilized compounds the mutagenic effect dependance on peculiarities of their chemical structure has been shown (the presence of cancerogenic azo- and anthraquinone groups); the qualitative and quantitative characteristics for the cytogenetic effect of immobilized dyes in in vitro and in vivo systems have been attained; the mutagenic effect peculiarities of new immobilized compounds in insect and mammal gametes have been determined; it has been shown that the carcinogenic dye immobilization on polymeric matrices could not restrict their metabolism and hence present their mutagenic effect; the level of genetic harard for new immobilized dyes has been established for humans; the mutagenic effect of immobilized dyes has been shown to be modified by some antioxidants.