Rozhkov R. Inheritance of polonoid wheat species traits in interspecific wheat hybrids

The object of study is conformity to natural laws of morphological traits inheritance in interspecial crosses of "polonoid" wheat species with bread and durum wheat cultivars. The aim of study is to ascertain expression and inheritance of the 'polonicumity' traits determined by different hereditary factors - p (T. polonicum) and Pi (T. ispahanicum), their influence on grain size in interspecial hybrids and connection with elements of ear. Methods of research: hybri-dological analysis (determination of difference by genetic control of 'polonicumity' between 'polonoid' species and bread and durum wheat cultivars); phenological (characteristic of plant development rhythm in parental forms and hybrids); biometric (determination of traits expression and variability levels and estimation of obtained information trustworthiness). Theo-retical and practical results, newness: first is ascertained inheritance character of 'polonoid' species traits in congruent crosses; are determined comparative peculiaritiesof 'poloni-cumity' traits inheritance in three 'polonoid' species: T. ispa-hanicum,. T. polonicum, T. petropavlovskyi with bread and durum wheats cultivars; is determined interaction character of genes for 'polonicumity' of T. polonicum та T. ispahanicum on the phenotypical level; are ascertained comparative peculiarities of form-creating in hybrid generations obtained from wide crosses of 'polonoid' species with bread and durum wheats cultivars; on the base of detail analysis of ear elements (glume length and width; of external and internal lemmas; length, width and weigth of grain per ear) is demonstrated different effect of genes determined these traits in first and second spikelet florets; in the conditions of east Forest-Steppe of Ukraine with the use of "polonoid" species are created wheat forms are of interest for breeding. The sphere of ap-plication: applications genetics, breeding of wheat.