Makhorin G. Charities in Volyn (1793-1917): the historical aspect

The thesis presents a comprehensive investigation into the charitable activities in Volyn (1793-1917). Historical and socio-economic prerequisites of charity development, rise of various lines, forms and means of charitable activities are reflected on the basis of the profound analysis of a wide range of sources. The influence of the state policy on charity development in Volyn Province has been shown on the basis of analyzing and generalizing contemporary records and statistical data. It has been noted that during the period under investigation the evolution of charitable activities from religious to state and social ones was taking place. The paper underlines that the development of capitalist relations entailed, on the one hand, the pauperization of some segments of the population, and on the other hand it brought about the increase in charitable aid to this category of people and the establishment of the network of philanthropic societies and institutions. The author proves that the main charity subject was the social elite - descendants of Cossack seniors, noblemen, Polish landowners high-born officials, merchants, tradesmen - representatives of different national minorities such as Jews, Czechs and Germans. The paper also elucidates the influence of historical processes, events and phenomena on the evolution of charity in Volyn Province