Mohamad H. Relationship between the ion transport and shape of erythrocytes

The object of study: erythrocytes transformation, protons transport in erythrocytes, fluorescein transport in erythrocytes. Purpose: comparative study of the morphological transformation dynamics of erythrocytes of different organisms (human, rat, cock) under the influence of anion transport inhibitors and membrane modificators in conditions of anion transport activation in membrane, mediated by band 3 protein in non-electrolyte medium. Methods of study: spectrophotometric method of registration of erythrocytes form, volume and hemolysis with the help of formometer-aggregometer FA-01; рН-metric method of characteristics determination of protons and chloride ions transport in non-electrolyte medium; optical microscopy; erythrocytes membrane and cytoskeleton modification by anion transport inhibitors and chemical reagents which change cell form. Theoretical and practical results, novelty: it has been established at first that erythrocytes introduction in the isotonic sucrose medium with low content of chloride ions results in three-phase sequence of cells form changes (morphological response, MR), which consists of the quick spherulation (phase 1), renew of the form close to disk (phase 2) and again spherulation (phase 3). It has been established that the phases of MR depend on ion strength of the medium, content of chloride ions in the medium and that three-phase MR disappears under the increase of chloride amount over 15–20 mM. It has been shown that the presence of additional substances in the medium able to inhibit anion transport or modificate erythrocytes form into echinocytes or stomatocytes influence the MR character by concentration-dependent way. Morphological reaction of erythrocytes in the sucrose medium depends on the species. It has been established that fluorescein is transported into cells by diffusion through lipid bilayer of membrane and distributed according to the transmembrane potential. It has been shown that the complicated interrelations exist between morphological changes of erythrocytes in sucrose medium and ion transport. The final effect of anion transport inhibitors and form modificators is caused by the superposition of their membrane-active effect and influence on anion transport. Field of application: human and animal physiology.