Dudchenko V. Theories of Non-violence as Subject of Philosophical Reflection in the Context of Modern Civilization Challenges

The theories of non-violence as a possible conceptual approach for reconsideration of the societal development way in the context of modern civilization challenges were actualized and explicated from the social and philosophical point of view. The philosophical bases of no-violence were defined. The author was guided by the theories of non-violence of L. Tolstoy, M. Gandhi, А. Schweitzer. The given position has determined the new vision of non-violence's ideals and the possibilities of their adaptation to the realities of XXI century. The historical, spiritual, theoretical and practical aspects of notion 'non-violence' and 'tolerance' as social and philosophical concepts were analyzed. Their key role for becoming of the society without violence and brutality was described. 'Non-violence' was also regarded as philosophical and religious system, moral and ethic principle, value reference point of the society, which forbids violence. 'Tolerance' was shown as an index of humane attitude to Other. The social and cultural preconditions of possible adaptation of the ideas of the non-violent development's way were examined. The philosophical, religious, moral, ethic values, which are built on the ideals of non-violence, love and charity are the main ideas of such way.