Mazur Z. Development of initial material for heterosis breeding of winter rye under conditions of the central part of the Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine

Subject: the creation of original materials for heterotic breeding of winter rye by means of selection and the evaluation of new lines and CMS-hybrids as to major economic characters. Aim: the establishment of the variability peculiarities and combining ability of major selective characters in the lines-components of MS-hybrids, of the efficiency in creating original materials for heterotic breeding of winter rue. Methods: field, visual, laboratory, statistic-mathematical. Novelty: genetical value of lines as to GCA and SCA is determined, CMS and MS lines valuable for breeding are singled out and on their basis single-cross sterile hybrids, self-fertile maintainers of sterility different as to genetical and functional qualities are created; selection efficiency of parental pairs as to CA is shown, some winter rye CMS hybrids are developed. Results: 23 MS analogues with genotype substitution in maintainers of sterility at the level of 90% and 4 self-fertile maintainers of sterility have been singled out; 7 lines-components of crossing, which combine high productivity and lodging resistance, have been chosen. Application stage: CMS-13 and MS lines as well as single-cross hybrids - CMS-18/MS-7, CMS-20/MS-8 and CMS-21/MS-7 lines registered in NCPGRU have been introduced into a breeding process at the Verkhnyatska EBS. From the outcomes of the ecological trials 11 best CMS hybrids of winter rye with a potential yield of 5,98-8,76 t/ha have been chosen. Application area: breeding institutions, AIC of Ukraine.