Rukhlenko V. Influence of chemical mutagenies on change of biological and breeding hemp plant sign in posterity

Subject: the change of biological and economically-valuable signs of hemp plants caused by application of chemical mutagenes as a method of a new breeding material creation. Aim: to determine the peculiarities of biological and breeding signs changes of hemp plants under influence of nitrozoetylurea (NES) and nitrozomethylurea (NMS) and find out the possible ways of these mutogenes using for a new breeding material creation. Methods: field, visual, laboratory and mathematically-statistical. Novelty: the efficiency of application of chemical mutogenes NES and NMS into hemp plants has been determined for the first time. The doses of chemical mutogenes, the comparative efficiency of research of three methods of chemical mutogenes application and different reaction of hemp varieties under the mutogenes' action have been established, the forms of morphosis and mutant plants have been discovered and a new breeding material has been created. Results: the conformities to natural laws of hemp plants signs change under influence of NES and NMS have been determined. The doses of chemical mutogenes and a following crossing have been defined. The new breeding material - Hlukhivski 77 variety and a male sterility line Odnodomni 10ChS and two hybrids (Hlukhivski 18 / Hlukhivski 57M3) have been received. Application stage: it is recommended for a selection to use water solution of NES in doses 0,0125 - 0,05% and NMS in doses 0,0125 - 0,025% in exposition 18 hours, to achieve the highest degree of mutational change of hemp plants signs by method of application of NES and NMS with the following crossing of material, to use a breeding material received with a help of NES and NMS with a purpose of increase of qualitative signs of fibre. It is better to use NES than NMS in breeding aims for receiving new initial material. Application area: breeding institutions, AIC of Ukraine.