Trochinska T. Genotypycal features of cytometrical characters expression in the generative structures cells of wheat, rue and wheat-rye hybrids

Object: the expression of cytometrical characters of cereals and their intergeneric hybrids during the plants ontogenesis. Aim: studying species and cultivar peculiarities of variability of quantitative (cariometrical and cytochemical) characters of generative structures cells in the process of their differentiation during wheat and rye ontogenesis and estimating the inheritance of quantitative characters of the wheat-rye hybrids F1 – F2. Methods: hybridological, cytogenetical, histochemical staining, statistical. Novelty: the influence of genotype and environment on the cariometrical and cytochemical cells’ characters expression during micro- and megasporogenesis of different cultivars of wheat, rye and wheat-rye hybrids have been shown for the first. Results: the differences in variability dynamics of the nuclei and nucleolei volumes and quantity of nucleolei’ substance at the different stages of sporogenesis have been shown for wheat, rye and their amphihaploids; the cytochemical characters polymorphism of investigated cells of cereals generative structures have been studied; the dependence between the expression and intercorrelation of cytochemical characters and the sexual status of generative structures have been proved. Application stage: the theoretical and practical attainments have been included in the respective parts of the general genetics course and in the special series of lectures of Odesa National Mechnykov University “Genetics of individual development”, “Genetical foundations of selection”, “Genetics of populations”, “Cytogenetics”. Application area: institution of higher education of MES, NAS of Ukraine