The investigation object: individual anatomic variability of human glands, their nerves and vessels in ontogenesis. The investigation goal: The investigation goal is to study individual anatomic variability of the thymus gland, its arteries, veins and nerves, their morpho-functional interrelation in consideration of myeloarchitectonics of nerves, somatotype and sex using the complex of contemporary research methods. Methods of research: Macromicroscopic, somatometric, morphometric, making of injected preparations, histologic methods, statistical methods. Theoretical and practical value of the obtained results: The dissertation is related to fundamental research. The obtained results allow to broaden the notion about individual anatomic variability of the thymus gland, its arteries, veins, nerves in fetuses and newborns in consideration of their somatotype. The results of this research are of great importance for pediatric surgical practice, for pediatrics, neonatology and immunology. The obtained results will be used in scientific and pedagogic practice at morphological departments and research establishments of morphologic, surgical and immunological specialization when developing new methods of treatment and prophylaxis of immune diseases in children and they are also of particular importance for subsequent morphologic investigation of vascular, nervous and immune systems in human. Scientific novelty of the obtained results: For the first time the morphology of the thymus gland in fetuses and newborns in terms of individual variability was fully studied with the help of contemporary research methods using factual material. The conducted investigation enabled to receive new data which characterizes morpho-functional peculiarities of the thymus gland, its arteries, veins and nerves in fetuses and newborns in consideration of somatotype. For the first time the interrelation between forms of organ variability, its vessels and nerves, and also somatotypes was detected. Zones of predominant blood supply in thymus gland areas by arteries from basic and accessory sources of blood supply as well as types of anastomoses between their branches were determined. The sites of the most frequent penetration of arterial vessels into the organ stratum, formation of veins and their branches in the thymus gland, and also areas of concentration of the largest nerves and their ganglia in the capsule and stroma of the thymus gland in fetuses and newborns were investigated. For the first time the myeloarchitectonics of nerves in the thymus gland in its different portions and nerves of periarterial ganglia of thymus arteries on two levels in fetuses and newborns was studied. For the first time the correlation between the quantity of myelin fiber in nerve branches which innervate the thymus gland and the vessel diameter was detected. The degree of implementation: The results of the investigation were adopted in the course of lectures, practical classes in morphology of immune organs, vascular and nervous systems and research work at the departments of human anatomy of Kharkiv National Medical University, Vinnitsa National Medical University, Lugansk State Medical University, Ivano-Frankovsk National Medical University, Ternopol State Medical University, Bukovinsky State Medical University, at the department of histology, cytology and embryology of Lugansk State Medical University, at the department of human anatomy and histology of Uzhgorod National University, at the department of general surgery, operative surgery and topographic anatomy of Dnepropetrovsk State Medical Academy, at the department of topographic anatomy and operative surgery of Bukovinsky State Medical University.
