Paraska O. Elaboration of new composition compounds of the increase of efficiency of dry-cleaning technology textile goods

Object of the research is dry-cleaning processes of textiles. The objective is to expand the range of substances for the intensification of dry-cleaning of textiles, by developing new multifunctional composition compounds on the basis of modern surface-active substances. The set tasks have been solved with the use of traditional and modern theoretical and experimental research methods, modern methods of mathematical statistics, which enabled us to achieve the main results of the investigation, and the verify their reliability. Scientific results of the thesis are the following: for the first time the concepts of the choice of surfactants and their usage in chemical and technological processes of textiles processing have been suggested on the basis of the analysis of their efficiency indices; thermodynamic parameters of micella forming of surfactants in water and perchlorethylen have been determined and it has been shown that the polar alcohol molecules solubalizing inside the micelles increase their wetting ability and reduce the critical concentration of micella forming, which raises the effectiveness of surfactants; patterns of processes of solubalization of benzene, dyes and water with solutions of surfactants the time of determining of the equilibrium value of solubalization have been ascertained; comprehensive assessment of changes in physical and chemical properties of textiles at all levels of the organization structure of fibers has been done and it has been ascertained that reduction of the drop strength, increase of hydroscopicity and reduction of shrinkage are due to slowdown of destructive processes in the structure of fibers as well as due to the increase of materials resistance to the influence of perchlorethylen. The efficiency of the elaborated compositions has been successfully tested in industrial conditions in the dry-cleaning Ltd Enterprise "Khvylynka" (Khmelnitsky) and open joint-stock company "Oksamyt" (Kiev). The research results are used in the educational process of Khmelnitsky National University in the specialty 7.091610 Chemical Technology and equipment of finishing manufacture.