Kabatsyura A. Peculiar features for original material creation with a complex of the economic traits for spring durum wheat breeding in the conditions of the eastern part of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

Object: spring durum wheat breeding for adaptivity, productivity and grain quality. Aim: to develop a new genetically various breeding material of spring hard wheat with the complex of economic traits, to determine the nature of inheritance and manifestation of traits on productivity, grain quality, adaptivity, lodging resistance in the initial forms and hybrids. Methods: field, laboratory, statistical. Novelty: for the first time in Ukraine the efficiency of introduction of spring durum wheat to a breeding process for increase of carotenoid content in the grain of Tritordeum amphidiploid is revealed. The effieciency of usage of the number of rounded clusters of parenchyma for the selection of midhigh form of spring durum wheat with lodging resistance is established. A possibility of the combination of high carotenoid content with higher productivity in single genotype is substantiated. The possible increase of lodging resistance in cultivars owing to the development of stalk?s anatomical characters without plant height reduction and their productivity is proved. Results: 4 lines with the involvent of Tritordeum amphidiploid have been developed: the line 08-1096 combines a short period from sprouting to earing (54 days) with the increased carotenoid content (3,36 mg/kg and protein in grain 14,54 %), with developed parameters of ear structure; line 08-762 combines high carotenoid content (4,64 mg/kg) and protein in grain (14,33 %) with amber-yellow coloured texture (5 scores), short sprouting-earing period (52 days); lines 08-763 and 08-764 combine short sprouting-earing period (52 days) with the developed characters of ear structure and lodging resistance at the level of 6,5-7,0 scores. Some valuable sourcer combining the traits of high carotenoid content, productivity, adaptivity, lodging resistance have been distinguished. Application stage: 3 lines are sent to the National collection of the Center for Plant Genetic Resources of Ukraine; author certificates on the cultivars? registration in the National Catalogue are obtained. Cv. Prykrasa was sent to State Variety Trial in 2009. Application area: breeding institutions.