Khadzhiradeva V. Bessarabiya the day before and in the years of Second World War.

On the basis of wide circle of sources the complex of problems, touching the events of eve and period of Second World War on territory of Bessarabia is in-process probed. The place of region is certain in the foreign-policy calculations of Romania, USSR and Germany, the evolution of «bessarabian question» is traced during 30 – at the beginning of 40 of the twentieth century, intensifying of which on the eve of war is caused contradiction of the Versailles decisions, and also change of correlation of forces and expansionist aspirations of row of the European countries, before all USSR. Proved, that the fate of «bessarabian question» was decided by Germany and Soviet Union, defining the spheres of influence secret protocol to the «pact of Molotov-Ribbentrop» of Augusts, 23 1939. It is shown that aspiring to creation of «Great Romania» pushed slightly the rulings circles of kingdom to rapprochement with Germany and included in the aggressive Triple Union, which supposed the transmission of part of sovereignty above an economy, communications and military powers of the Third Reich.Features and consequences of hike of the Red Army are reflected in Bessarabiya and North Bukovyna on June, 28 – on July, 5 in 1940, and also process of radyanizacii of the added territories. The process of drafting of aggressive alliance is traced Hitler – Antonesku and him expansionist plans. Movement of preparation and battle actions is expounded on the walks of life from Prut to Dniester on the initial stage of aggression German-Romanian troops against the USSR, their influence is shown on a general situation on «East front».The specific of structure, jurisdiction and basic directions of activity of Romanian occupation administration, is exposed in Bessarabiya. The features of «final decision of the Jewish question» turn out and punitively repressive practices in an edge. Forms and facilities of anti-fascist movement of Resistance and his effectiveness are analyzed.