Marchenko E. The Genesis of Ideas of Justice (Social and Philosophical Analysis)

Thesis addresses the social-philosophical analysis of the formation of ideas about justice, revealing patterns and specific historical features of the process, clarifying its variety of determinants, as well as the definition of a philosophical and methodological significance in different historical epochs. It distinguishes the theoretical-praxeological principles for fairness manipulation, specifies the transtime conceptual invariant of justice, its dependence on social reality and implementation of the reverse effect on it. The content and functional-instrumental criteria of justice concretized. It was proved that the idea of justice is a concrete-historical. However, notions of fairness inherent in a meaningful invariant, which is in line between the role of individuals and social groups in society and their social position, between the act and retaliation, work and reward etc. Theoretical principles of social-philosophical fairness manipulation were refined. It is proved that the idea of justice has always occupied a significant place in the ideological system of mankind, and in periods of social transformations was becoming particularly acute, therefore it is objectively actualized in the present Ukrainian conditions.