Ivaschenko K. "Difficult" children's education in S. Shatskyi's and A. Makarenko's pedagogical systems

The content of the notion "difficult" children having characteristics of personality negative direction, moral and legal, specifically psychical aberrations that cause personal deformation, change the character of intercourse with socium and behavior, result in negative attitude to other people, excessive sensitiveness, negativism, egocentrism, usual educational influences resistance were specified based on philosophical, psychological, sociological and pedagogical literature analysis in the thesis. The essence of the notion "pedagogical system" as a complex of interdependent measures and methods of pedagogical activity oriented on personal formation and development according to social order was revealed. Factors that influenced the formation of S. Shatskyi's and A. Makarenko's educational views in the first decade of XX century were defined; content of their theoretical approaches to "difficult" children's education that realized in created pedagogical systems was cleared up. Evolution of S. Shatskyi's and A. Makarenko's educational views formation was followed; main principles of created education conceptions were highlighted; forms and means of "difficult" children's education in pedagogical systems were discovered.