Debych M. A Problem of Higher Education Humanization in the UNESCO Activity

For the first time in Ukraine the attempt of profound and interdisciplinary study of the UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization), namely its foundation and constant changes of priorities in its activity has been analyzed in this thesis. The creation of international organizations has been studied; the UNESCO educational and philosophic roots as a worldwide centre of moral-cultural thought, means of analysis of educational policy and its concordance with the present day realities and the needs of the nearest future not only for leader-states but the whole humanity have been explained. It is proved the UNESCO fulfilled this task successfully though there were difficulties in its activity. Three periods can be identified in its activity: the 1st - 1945-1954 - the idea of allied countries to create effective international educational, scientific and cultural organization, consolidation of organization; the 2nd - 1954-1991 - participation of the USSR and ideological differences with highly developed countries concerning the less developed countries; the 3rd - 1991-2011 - the participation of independent Ukraine in the UNESCO activity and policy directed toward sustainable development, supporting higher education and research. In the main part of the second unit the measures and steps of the UNESCO staff for the sake of peace, safety and humanism on the planet have been shown. In the case of the UNESCO "role of the personality in the history" shows the specific influence of its Directors-General on the work of this organization. It is also proved that state policy and strategic interests of the states (namely the USSR and the USA) had greater impact on the UNESCO activity. An analysis of documents and diplomatic papers testifies to the fact that USSR influenced greatly the countries of the third world. During Soviet period the Ukrainian representatives were restricted in their activity, only after the USSR collapse Ukrainian delegation has become more influential and Ukrainian events and national cultural and educational experience rise interest in the UNESCO leaders and world representatives. A great deal of attention is given to the studies of peculiarities and deep reasons of modern moral-spiritual crisis. There is difference concerning the moral and social values even among highly developed countries. Judging from young immigrants' rebellions in the Western Europe it should be noted the failure to build a model of multicultural society and the necessity to find the way out from this difficulty. It is stated that idealized recommendations of the UNESCO were more suitable for the system of public education and less suitable for the training. Special emphasis has been given to deep change of priorities in the UNESCO activity after 2000, when the movement to knowledge society via ecosafe technologies and quality of life for all citizens of the Earth has been proclaimed. This coincides with the plans of Europe via Lisbon strategy and Bologna process to become not only leader in technologies but to realize New Renaissance. Such changes in the UNESCO policy and activity create favorable conditions for humanization of the national system of education in higher educational institutions.