Solonechnyi P. Selection-genetical peculiarities and creation of diversity of spring barley forms

Object: to establish morpho-biological specific features, a degree of variation, correlation, heredity and heritability, combining ability, the level and ratio of the components of genetical variation of traits in different varietal forms in the system of diallel crosses and state on this basis selection-genetical peculiarities and the efficacy of the development of a new genetical diversity of varietal forms as a valuable initial material for spring barley breeding. Aim: the ascertainment of morpho-biological and selection-genetical peculiarities of traits and the efficacy of usage of mutant and different arietal forms in spring barley breeding and the development on this basis of valuable original material for selection. Methods: field, laboratory, genetical-statistical. Novelty: some distinctions in morpho-biological peculiarities, variability, correlation, heritability and breeding value of traits in 20 forms of different varieties depending on a genotype and growing condition are established, as a result the cultivars with the largest number of valuable traits for a recombinant selection are chosen. Selection-genetical peculiarities in the investigated varietal forms as to genetical variation components, heritability and combining ability of quantitative traits in F1 and F2 hybrids from diallel crosses. The determination of quantitative traits is defined by non-additive (under overdominance) effects of genes, as a rule, and in the separate studied forms as for some traits to a considerable extent and by additive effects of genes, as well, upon that the efficacy of selection in hybridic generations depends. Efficacy of genetical diversity widening and new initial material creating by means of recombination of valuable traits at the breeding application of the forms of rarely used varieties. Results: seven sources of valuable traits have been chosen and 987 lines as the initial material of different varieties of spring barley have been created which are applied in breeding at Plant Production Institute nd. a. V. Ya. Yuryev of NAAS. Application stage: the sources of valuable traits created as the initial materials of different varietal forms of spring barley have been used in breeding at PPI nd. a. V. Ya. Yuryev of NAAS. Seventy-one lines with different traits of varieties have been developed and transferred to National Centre for Plant Genetic Resources of Ukraine in 2010 that has permitted to widen the genetical diversity in spring barley. Five lines were registered in NCPGRU as plant genepool samples of Ukraine. Application stage: breeding institutions.