Gliavin A. The peculiarities of development of morphobiological traits in common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and their use in plant breeding and state expertise

TThe object of study – the peculiarities of development of morphobiological traits in common beans. Purpose – definition of variability and heritability of main morphobiological traits and segregation of sources and donors for new breeding material creation and formation of etalon varieties collection to contribute to more effective expertise of new varieties in accordance with international requirements. Methods – field (phenological observations, biometric measurements, hybridization) in accordance with methodic of field experiment of B. A. Dospehov (1985), “Methodic recommendation UPOV” (2005) for phenological observation; laboratory – biometrical methods – for biometric measurements of plants; statistic - processing of the experimental data with sophisticated programs on the PC. Results: determined the range of variations of morphobiological traits and intraspecific variability of dry beans varieties; the collection of 27 etalon varieties is created. The sources of grain productivity and suitability for machinery harvesting are defined: Белко, Подільська кущова, Isex, Libra, Zeneth, Vernandon, Julia. 204 lines are created, among them 9 selected with high productivity and machinery harvesting suitability traits. As the result of breeding process a new variety of common bean was created – Galactica (2011). Novelty – the first time among known amount of morphobiological traits defined the most reliable. The intraspecific variability and the range of variation of dry beans varieties defined. The first time the etalon varieties collection is created. Through intravarietal hybridization and selection based on valuable traits the efficacy of evaluation and creation of new breeding material of dry beans are shown. Sector – agriculture.