Radionov D. Genetic polymorphism and temporary dynamics of the genetic structure of the natural populations Drosophila melanogaster of Ukraine

In the conditions of climate changes we can expect essential changes in the genetic structure of natural populations. This stipulates the necessity of doing a large-scale monitoring of the natural populations of D. melanogaster of Ukraine. The aim is an analysis of changes, prediction of their continuation and the ecological assessment of the appropriate territories. In 2007 - 2010 we explored the dynamics of the genetic structure of the Drosophila populations in different regions of Ukraine according to locus Est6 and Adh. There were shown that mostly all populations had polymorphism on the explored genes. The dynamics of crossing-over rate and lethal mutations interconnected with sex were described. It is detected, that the dynamics of genetic structure of natural populations of D. melanogaster by the years and seasons of biological activity differs depending on natural conditions and habitats of the flies. The seasonal changes of all explored genetic characteristics in the natural populations of Odessa and Drogobych in 2009 and 2010 were shown. We analysed the influence of summery average daily temperatures on the alleles rates and some factors concerning the dynamics of genetic structure of the Drosophila populations in Ukraine. We suppose, that the changeability of the alleles rates of the analysed genes, the recombination events rates and the lethal mutations interconnected with sex in the same natural population of D. melanogaster are characterized with similar pecularities.