Object: to establish mechanism of variability, heredity, correlation, genetical variation, combining ability, heritability, combination of morphological quantitative traits of plants, content of amylopectin in starch and establishment on the basis of it breeding and genetical peculiarities and efficiency of the development of a valuable initial material with different content of amylopectin in starch for spring barley breeding. Aim: to establish breeding and genetical peculiarities, variability and heredity of different content of amylopectin in starch and economically valuable characters, their correlation, combining ability, genetical variation and heritability of a forms with different fractional compound of starch, combinations of characters and establishment on that basis initial material for spring barley breeding for high content of amylopectin in starch. Methods: field, laboratory, statistical. Novelty: Thesis shows as for amylopectin contents in 13 samples and varieties of spring barley. Morpho-biological peculiarities of 13 samples with the different starch fractional composition by the level of variation and variability, correlation and heritability of nine quantitative morphological traits are stated. Monogenic inheritance of a amylopectin content in starches with the segregation in F2 at the ratio of 3 : 1 in the plants with common and high content of amylopectin is proved. In the system of compete diallel crosses selection-genetical peculiarities of quantitative traits as to the amilopectin content in starches and morphological concerning with the components of genetical dispersion, combining ability and heritability in F1 are established. It is stated that as to the content of amylopectin in starches in all waxy-samples additive effects of genes at the negative value of F component due to wx gene recessiveness determining high amylopectine content in starches prevail. And in samples with common content of amylopectin in starches non-additive effects of genes prevail at a positive value of F component on condition that the selection will be more effective at the presence of heterozygotes. Results: 40 waxy-lines of spring barle and 313 lines with different fractional compound of starch have been created. Application stage: waxy-lines have been used in breeding, particularly in breeding and controlling nurseries and variety testing, have been used in hybridization in 2010-2011. In 2011 F1 and seventeen waxy-lines of spring barley have been developed and transferred to National Centre for Plant Genetic Resources of Ukraine, in 2012 five lines (09-678, 09-385, 09-794, 09-671,09-210) were registered in NCPGRU as plant genepool samples of Ukraine. Application area: breeding institutions.
