Bukhtiyarova O. Clinical-pathogenetic aspects and therapy of dependence from tobacco smoking

The dissertation is devoted to the actual problem of enhancement of treatment of tobacco dependence. One hundred fifty young people with tobacco dependence were comprehensively investigated, the control group consisted of 150 healthy individuals of the same age group. It was extablished that social motives, the desire to avoid unpleasant symptoms of withdrawal from tobacco, the desire to feel fit of energy, to improve concentration, and the conditioned reflex stimuli associated with smoking predominated among motives of smoking. A significant contribution of neurasthenic-like symptoms into the structure of the tobacco withdrawal syndrome was marked. It was found that such noogenic factors as reduced meaningfulness of life in young smokers and gradual restructuring of life values play a role in ethiopathogenesis of tobacco dependence. It was revealed that the development of tobacco dependence was accompanied by changes of bioelectrical activity of the brain that correlated with the level of dependence and clinical manifestations of withdrawal from tobacco. It was developed and introduced into clinical practice the comprehensive pathogenetically oriented treatment method that included the conditioned reflex therapy with analgene-quinine, the existential group psychotherapy, anticonvulsant valproic acid and tincture of ginseng. The proposed method of treatment of tobacco dependence is effective for the treatment and prevention of relapse of the addiction.