Terletsky V. Apriori as the Problem of Ontology

In the dissertation for the first time is completely analyzed Apriori concept of, which is not only an essential element of reflection in classical philosophy, but is constitutive concept for analytic philosophy, evolutionary epistemology, the theory and methodology of science, and for the communication philosophy. It is demonstrated that phenomenology offered not only an innovative approach to the elucidation of the traditional concept in the sense that it was given in Kant's critical philosophy, but also opened a perspective for the ontological interpretation of Apriori. It is showed that there is a relationship between N. Hartmann's and M.Heiddeger's projects of New-Ontology and Kant's apriorism which is explicated in them on the basis of "thesis of the identity" of principles, which is attributed to the status of an ideal being, or on the basis of the understanding of time as temporality that characterizes the essential structure of the human mode of life. The dissertation reveals the specifics of Kant's Apriori concept, which, on the one hand, logically presupposes the transcendental way of consideration of beings and, on the other hand, is an expression of human spontaneity as the characteristics of being a subject. It is proved that spontaneity is a key concept for the interpretation of Kant's Apriori as a problem of ontology.