Panchenko V. Peace's courts in Volyn (1871-1919): competence, structure and personal

In dissertation the author makes complex researching of peace's courts in Volyn in 1871-1919. Analyzes of scientific literature demonstrated, that this scientific term was not research before, though there was many different sources, especially archive materials. In the work it made a conclusion that idea of peace's court aroused in Russian right tradition and only then it felt an influence of west-European right. It proved that peace's court in 1871-1919 in Volyn province was rather differ from starting project of legislators and had its own specifics. Local polish nobility was not loyal to Russian power, that's why government changed model of peace's justice when it was improving in Right-bank Ukraine. For that it abolished selection and invariability of judges, improved strong control for judge's corpus and began to finance activity of peace's courts from state treasury. Competence of peace's courts in Volyn province wasn't limited by special laws and local inhabitants might use all rights and opportunities, which were given by statutes of 1864, such as population of central Russia and on differ from other national regions of empire. Structure of peace's justice in Volyn in 1871-1919 divided into three levels: peace's court - peace's congress - Senate. During all period of functionary peace's courts in Volyn provincial treasury department financed its activity. Formal reasons for this were in the beginning absence of district council (zemstv) in region and then re-dividing upkeep costs and state expenditures.