Galaeva M. Marking of QTL for frost resistance in bread winter wheat of South Ukraine

Object: genome of winter bread wheat. Aim: detection of molecular markers linked with QTL of frost resistance in winter bread wheat of South Ukraine. Methods: methods of DNA isolation, PCR analysis, electrophoresis in polyacrylamide and agarose gels, test of frost resistance, genetic analysis, statistical analysis. Novelty: The new microsatellite loci which are associated with frost resistance were fund: Xbarc117-5A, Xgwm156-5A, Xbarc330-5A (chromosome 5A), Xcfd7-5B, Xgpw3191-5B, Xwmc415-5B (chromosome 5B) and Xgwm182-5D(chromosome 5D). Results: The loci Xbarc117-5A, Xgwm156-5A, Xcfd7-5B, Xgpw3191-5B, Xwmc415-5B and Xgwm182-5D were associated with frost resistance at the seedling stage, while the loci Xgpw3191-5B and Xwmc415-5B were associated with frost resistance in the middle of winter, and finally loci Xbarc330-5A and Xcfd7-5B showed association with frost resistance at the end of winter. 163 bread winter wheat varieties from different geographical origin were identified by the locus Xcfd7-5B. There were detected two allelic variants of the locus: allele 194 bp and null-allele (no amplification product). In the general set of varieties and in the sets of individual regions varieties the frequency of null-allele was much higher than the frequency of allele 194 bp. The advantage of null-allele among varieties in all regions is the evidence of its breeding and adaptive value. 180 genotypes of winter wheat varieties from Ukraine and Russia breeding centers were identified by the locus Xgwm182-5D. There were detected five alleles of this locus, namely 162, 165, 167, 169 and 174 bp. Allele 165 bp was noted to be more common in the sets of investigated varieties in all regions. The differences in frequencies of alleles of locus Xgwm182-5D may be due to adaptive and breeding value of these alleles for the environments of certain regions.Application stage: microsatellite markers Xcfd7-5B and Xgwm182-5D are using in breeding programs of Plant Breeding and Genetics Institute for selection of frost resistant genotypes. Application area: SIE of NAAN.