Babushkina T. Breeding value of spring bread wheat gene pool accessions by complex resistance to diseases and pests

Object: Resistance of spring bread to common pathogens and pests. Aim: Creation of source material for spring bread wheat breeding combining resistance to a complex of harmful organisms with valuable economical traits. Methods: Field, laboratory, statistical. Novelty: The patterns of resistance to pathogens of head smut, powdery mildew, brown rust, Septoria disease and intrastem pests (Phorbia securis and Oscinella pusilla caterpillars) were established in spring bread wheat accessions from the global gene pool on artificial infectious and provocative backgrounds. Accesions with individual, group and complex resistance to harmful organisms were identified. Dependence of disease prevalence and pest-induced damage in spring bread wheat on the HTC values was revealed. Breeding value of spring bread wheat accessions was assessed in terms of resistance to harmful organisms, and donor properties of sources were evaluated. Spring bread wheat lines and varieties combining high resistance to pathogens with a complex of valuable economic features were created. Results: A technique of building spring bread wheat collections by resistance to biotic factors was developed; four collections of the spring bread wheat gene pool of wheat soft spring were formed and filed in the National Center for Plant Genetic Resources of Ukraine: a trait collection by resistance to pathogens and intrastem pests in combination with valuable economic characteristics (354 accessions from 25 countries), a trait collection by technological and baking qualities of grain (252 accessions from 15 countries), a training collection (90 accessions from 16 countries), and a basic collection (2,738 accessions from 70 countries) to provide breeding and training programs with starting material. Ten spring bread wheat lines (the author's share 50%) and 3 varieties (Podarunok, Ulyublena, Veselka) with the author's share of 5%, characterized by a high yield capacity (4.0-4.5 t / ha) and resistance to diseases (7 points) were created. Two catalogues containing the description of 172 sources of resistance of valuable traits of spring bread wheat were compiled. Application stage: The trait collection of the spring bread gene pool by resistance to pathogens and pests were supplemented with 172 accessions, and the collection by technological and baking qualities of grain - with 96 accessions. line Lines L 683-12 and L 685-12 with group resistance to head smut (8-7 points) and powdery mildew (7 points) and high yield capacity (317-321 g / m2), 1000-grain weight (30.0-33.5 g), lodging resistance (9 points) are used in crossing schemes in spring bread wheat breeding programs at the Plant Production Institute nd. a VYa Yuriev as valuable parental forms. Variety 'Ulyublena' (author's certificate No 140294) has been included in the State Register of Plant Varieties suitable for dissemination in Ukraine since 2015. Application Area: breeding institutions, educational establishments, agribusiness enterprises of Ukraine.