Hliudzyk M. Selection methods improvement to increase tobacco heterosis effect and ways of its preservation

Object: features of signs and adaptability input forms, their combination ability, the selection of the best combinations for fixing heterosis through apomixis. Aim: Based on a comprehensive study of the genetic resources of tobacco, improving breeding techniques to enhance the effect of heterosis and ways of fixing a starting material and new varieties with high productivity potential to create hybrids with high heterosis ability and its further consolidation through apomixis. Methods: field and laboratory - phenological observations, biometric measurements; breeding - mating dialellic followed by fixing heterosis through apomixis, individual selection; statistics - variance, correlation, cluster to assess the manifestation of signs and their relationship. Novelty: the new installation is to improve the efficiency of selection and heterosis effect consolidation through the use of apomixis reduction opportunities and selection process by methodological improvement of its use, establishing patterns of manifestation and consolidation. Results: increase the effectiveness of selection for heterosis effect and the possibility of reducing the selection process and consolidate heterosis effect by using apomixis by methodological improvement of its use, establishing patterns of manifestation and consolidation. The high dependence of productivity on the number of leaves and their size, which makes it possible to predict the level of performance in the selection process and working conditions. The high expression of heterosis for structural productivity (plant height, size and number of leaves), the degree of dominance, ZCP and SSI are different, based on what is selected donors of signs and crossing the best components for further breeding and consolidate heterosis through apomixis. As a result of detailed analysis of specific forms of splitting A1 apomiktic noted that each hybrid combination has its own specific cleavage and missing a certain pattern display, as seen in the second hybrid generation. The high constancy of characteristics in the A2 and the ability to use such material for introduction into production. Application stage: Feature established collection apomiktic-hybrid gene pool. Brought to crossbreeding in the breeding program Berley 7, Berley 9/10, Braviy 200, Spectr, Symvol 4, Zhovtolystniy 36 and Polohi shargo and donors allocated performance. Submitted in 2016 in the State Register of plant varieties suitable for dissemination in Ukraine hybrids apomikty Zhovtolystniy 36/Berley 9/10 and Spectrum / Berley 9/10. Application area: breeding establishments, educational institutions, management of agriculture of Ukraine.