Mayor R. Ukrainian national movement in Transcarpathia: origins, evolution and characteristics (1848-1919 gg.)

The thesis investigates the origin, development and characteristics of the Ukrainian national movement in Transcarpathia in 1848-1919. It was established that the driving force behind the national movement was Ukrainian intelligentsia (mainly clergy), which was not magyarized. This was a result of the absence of the own political elite in the region. Because of this intelligentsia had the highest status in the social hierarchy of the Ukrainian community and had the ability to influence it. The paper clarifies causes, ideology and development of lingual-literary, national and political movements that existed in the region. The research of Russophile and National populist's movements allowed to conclude the following: Russophilism in Transcarpathia was formed as a sociopolitical movement before National populist's movement; social base of these two movements during the most of the studied period was the same, but ideology was significantly different; till 1918 national populists, unlike Russophile were completely apolitical. The weakest part of national identity was Rusynofilstvo. Its representatives treated Transcarpathian Rusyns not as part of the Ukrainian nation, but as separate Eastern Slavic ethnicity. Among all social and political movements Madyarofilstvo affected Ukrainian movement in the most negative way.