Desyatnik K. Effect of lime meliorants on the environmental and productive properties of soils with different acid-base balance

Object - changes in environmental and productive functions of soils with shifted acid-base balance influenced by lime ameliorants of natural and industrial origin. Purpose - determination of the lime ameliorants effect of different origin on the environmental and productive functions of soils with different acid-base balance. Methods - field, laboratory modeling, laboratory and analytical, statistics. Theoretical results - theoretical generalization and new scientific problem solving of the determination of effect of natural and industrial lime ameliorants on productive and ecological functions of soils with different acid-base balance were brought out. The influence of lime ameliorants of different origin on acid-base status of soils with different degrees of acidity, structural-aggregate composition of podzolized chornozem, the biological activity of soils were determined. The regularities of changes in ecological functions of studied soil (habitat, buffer biogeocenotic protective screen and controller of the hydrosphere) under the influence of lime ameliorants were detected. Practical results - environmental feasibility of different methods of application and types of lime ameliorants on acid soils were reasoned. With the help of research results the patent for utility model "method of neutralizing of toxic aluminum in soil" was got. The research results were included to the scientific publication "Chemical reclamation of soils (the concept of innovation development)" and scientific guidelines "Improving fertility of acid and hydromorphic soils". Novelty - the influence of lime ameliorants of natural and industrial origin on environmental and productivie functions of soils with different acid-base balance was determined. It was found that improving of physical and chemical parameters after the introduction of lime ameliorants triggers increasing number of lyumbrytsyd Aporrectodea caliginosa in the soil, which, in turn, contributes to the improvement of structural aggregate state of podzolized chernozem. It was found at first that lime ameliorants of different origin influence on the number of ground mikroartropods (Collembola and oribatid mites) and that the increase in pH due to liming increases the number oribatid mites, while for Collembola limiting factor is the chemical composition of ameliorants. The most efficient and environmentally friendly calcium ameliorants for use on podzolized hardloamy chornozem (dolomite, defekat, limestone flux), light gray forest light loamy soil (dolomite, limestone flux) and sod-podzolic sandy loam soil (dolomite) were determined. Degree of application - the thesis material was used in the educational process of preparation of masters of KhNAU named after V.V. Dokuchaev in the field "Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science", "Peer review of soils", in teaching of the discipline "Soil protection and restoration of their fertility"; it was implemented on experimental field of Kolki higher professional college, Kolki, Manevitskyi district, Volyn region in 2013-2014 on an area of 10 hectares. The field is agriculture.