Vologdina G. Creation of bread winter wheat source material and varieties using samples bred at Bulgaria under conditions Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

The object of study: nature of variability and phenotypic expression of quantitative traits of bread winter wheat, the level of heterosis in hybrids under conditions of Forest-steppe of Ukraine. The purpose: comprehensive study of Bulgarian samples, identification of sources of valuable traits for breeding activity and development varieties adapted to the conditions of Forest-steppe with high grain quality. Methods: field, laboratory and statistical. Results: sources of individual and the complex of valuable traits have been identified. Lines of hybrid origin with high breeding value have been obtained to be used in breeding programs of the V.M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat, Dobroudja Agricultural Institute (Bulgaria), Institute of Agriculture of NAAS, the P.P. Lukyanenko Research Institute of Agriculture (Russia). The novelty: for the first time under the conditions of Forest-steppe the peculiarities of expression of the complex of valuable traits in 1470 samples from the Institute of Wheat and Sunflower "Dobroudja" have been established. Such traits as "duration of cropping season", "plant height", and "lodging resistance" were proved to be the most stable variable, whereas "brown rust incidence", "frost resistance", "yield" and "flour power" to be the most variable. Correlation coefficients for the traits in differing by weather conditions years have beem established. It was confirmed that in hybrid populations with high level of heterosis for complex traits in the first generation selection is effective and increases the ability to distinguish the valuable genotypes. Three varieties of bread winter wheat: Myrych, Myrliena, and Berehynia myronivs’ka have been included in the State register. Varieties Hospodynia myronivs’ka, MIP Vyshyvanka, and MIP Kniazhna are being under State variety testing. Field of use: agriculture.