Vasylchyshyna A. Topographic and anatomic features of the gluteal area in the perinatal period of human ontogenesis

Object - morphological features of formation of bones, muscles, fascial-cellular spaces and neurovascular structures of the gluteal area in human ontogenesis; objective - to clarify the peculiarities of the formation of the topography of the muscles, facsial-cellular spaces and neurovascular structures of the gluteal area in the perinatal period of human ontogenesis; Methods - macroscopic, vascular injection, radiography, computed tomography, three-dimensional computer reconstructing, morphometric and statistical ones; results - we were the first to clarify the peculiarities of the formation of topographic-anatomical relationships between the structural elements of the gluteal area during the perinatal period of human ontogenesis using a complex of modern and adequate morphological methods of the study which enabled to obtain new scientifically substantiated data which contributed much to modern notions of the range of individual fluctuations in anatomical boundaries, variants of structure, blood supply and innervation of external pelvic girdle muscles in fetuses and newborns. We also established the variability in the shape of the gluteal area muscles, described the features of the intramuscular distribution of nerves and blood vessels in the depth of the outer muscles of the pelvic girdle during the perinatal period of human ontogenesis. We were also the first to identify projective-syntopic relationship of neurovascular structures of the gluteal area in the fetuses aged 6-10 months and newborns, to trace the dynamics of changes in the morphometric parameters of large gluteus muscles, the outer dimensions of the pelvis, the size of the entrance and exit of the pelvic cavity, the size of its cavity, the size of the lumbosacral junction, the area of the gluteal area and the length of its projection lines, during the perinatal period of human ontogenesis, beginning with 6 -month fetuses and until their birth. We found the correlations between the area of the right and left gluteal areas and the area of the lumbosacral junction, between the vertical and horizontal diagonals of the lumbosacral junction, between the outer dimensions of the pelvis and the size of the entrance and exit of the pelvic cavity, the size of the small pelvic cavity and the dimensions of lumbosacral junction. We were the first to clarify the features of the embryotography of fascias and cellular spaces of the gluteal area during the fetal and early neonatal periods of human ontogenesis and to specify the data from the sources of literature on possible ways of spreading purulent-inflammatory processes from the gluteal area.