Bondarenko Y. Alternative Press of Modern Germany (functioning peculiarities, editorial policy, place in the national media system).

451 alternative publications of Germany were introduced into the scientific research. Economic models of modern alternative media are described. A typological analysis of the alternative press is given, which differs from the classification schemes used by the German media specialists. The problem-thematic priorities of alternative German media in the historical retrospective and at the present stage are determined. Trends of the functioning of alternative media at the present stage are determined. The influence of digitalization on the alternative press is described and the forms of presentation of alternative editions in the network system are classified. The socio-communicative essence of the Ukrainian samizdat is considered, which represents the signs of alternative