Davydova L. Structural changes of the tongue under the influence of dehydration of the organism (anatomical and experimental research)

Dissertation is devoted to studying the structural changes and chemical composition of the tongue on all organization levels under the influence of different types and degrees of dehydration on the organism of white rats and correction this processes using of vitamins A and E. It was revealed that major changes in the structure of the tongue of animals occur under the conditions of influence on the organism of a severe degree of general dehydration, that manifested in disturbance of the structural and functional differentiation of cells in the epithelium of the mucous membrane of the tongue, disturbance in the processes of keratinization and atrophic changes in the muscle fibers. Results of morphometry revealed decrease in the thickness of the epithelium at 19,31 % (р = 0,0001), decrease in the diameter of muscle fiber at 27,93 % (p = 0,0009), decrease in the diameter of the capillaries in the mucous membrane at 31,07 % (p = 0,0001) and in the muscles of the tongue at 41,26 % (р = 0,0003), decrease in the volume of the myosymplast nucleus at 19,35 % (p = 0,0282) and increase in the thickness of the stratum corneum at 11,75 % (p = 0,0007). The chemical-analytical examination of the tongue showed a decrease the content of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, manganese, cooper, zinc and iron. It was proved that using of vitamins A and E leads to the leveling of changes that was arisen in all structural components of the tongue and normalizes its macro- and microelement composition on the background of negative effect of water derivation on the organism, but in a slightly different degree, that depends on the type of dehydration.